रक्तपिपासू: डास आणि बायको

मोहन कोठेकर

लेखक आणि ब्लोगर

     डासांचा प्रादुर्भाव अनंत काळापासून मानवासह सर्व प्राणीमात्रांना होतो.  मोठी शहरे असोत की किर्र जंगल डास सर्वव्यापी असल्यामुळे डासांचे थवेच्या थवे नागरिकांना हैराण करतात.  आरोग्य विभाग कोणतीही उपाययोजना करीत नाही ही कुरकुर जनता सतत करते.  आरोग्य विभागात काम करणारे कर्मचारी शेवटी माणूस आहेत, त्यांनाही इतरांप्रमाणे डास चावत असतील.  डास हे सरकारी कर्मचारी नाही आणि ते चिरमिरी घेत नाही हे चातुर्व्यम सत्य आहे, एकाला चावायचे तर दुसऱ्याला नाही असे नसते.  तेंव्हा नागरिकांनी आरोग्य विभागावर विश्वास ठेवावयास हवा.  नागरिकांची एक तक्रार असू शकते की आरोग्य विभाग डास निर्मूलनाची कार्यवाही स्वतःच्या घरापुरती मर्यादित असावी.  पण तसे ही संभव नाही.  लगेच शेजारच्या घरातील मच्छर रिकामी जागा व्यापतील.

 

डास भक्ष्य शोधण्यासाठी सर्वसाधारणपणे एक ते तीन मैलाचा प्रवास करतो. प्रवासाचा वेग तासी एक ते दीड मैल असतो. कांही डासांच्या प्रजाती भक्ष्य शोधण्यासाठी २० ते ४० मैलांचा प्रवास सहज करतात.  शंभर मैलांचा प्रवास करणारे कांही महाभाग प्रजाती आहेत.  बहुमजली इमारतीतील सर्वात वरच्या मजल्यावर राहणाऱ्याना इतरांसारखाच त्रास होतो.  एकावेळेस डास २५ ते ४५ फुट उंच उडतो, आराम घेतो, पुन्हा उंच उडतो.  सौभाग्य कांक्षिणी आपले  सावज गटविण्यासाठी सातासमुद्रापलीकडे मजल दरमजल करते आणि कोणत्याही मजल्यावर पतीला त्रास देण्यास सज्ज असते, तिचे सर्व आयुष्य डास या जाती सारखे असते.  तेंव्हा सर्वांना सारखा त्रास होतो.  कोणतेही सरकार डास आणि सौ. यांचे निर्मुलन करू शकत नाही हे कृपया लक्ष्यात ठेवा.  डासांचा संपूर्ण नायनाट करणाऱ्या संशोधकाला सरकार स्वतः कोणत्याही शिफारशी शिवाय भारत रत्न पुरस्कार देईल.     

 

     डास मारण्याच्या भानगडीत पडू नका.  डासांची पैदास शेकड्याने होते.  एका वेळेस मादी १०० ते ३०० अंडी देते.  मादी आपल्या आयुष्यात १००० ते ३००० अंडी देते.  अशा हजारो-लाखो माद्या सतत अंडी देत असतात.  कुटुंब नियोजन या विषयांबाबतीत त्यांना रस आणि विश्वास नाही.  आपलाही नाही, विश्वास असता तर आपण ४० कोटीचे १२५ कोटी झालो नसतो.  स्वर्गीय संजय गांधी यानंतर कोणत्याही नेत्याने कुटुंब नियोजनावर भाष्य केल्याचे स्मरणात नाही.  आरक्षण आणि कुटुंब नियोजन यावर सार्वजनिक भाष्य केल्यास त्या नेत्याला लगेच जाती बाहेर काढतात.  बरे असो.  मादी डबक्यात किंव्हा शांत वाहणाऱ्या पाण्यात अंडी देते.  थोड्याच दिवसात प्रौढ आणि परिपक्व झालेला डास पुढील दोन ते तीन आठवडे तुम्हाला त्रास देतो आणि चावतो.  परंतु डासांना लपण्यासाठी योग्य जागा मिळाली तर ते सहा महिने पर्यंत जगू शकतात.  मग तेवढा त्रास तुम्ही सहन करा.  मुलगी सुद्धा वीस ते पंचवीस वर्षाची झाली की लग्न करते नंतर नवऱ्याला जन्मभर छळते.  

     डासांच्या पैदासी साठी पाण्याची नितांत आवश्यकता असते.  अडलेले  पाणी तसेच डबकी, टायर, कुलर, ढोली, ओलिताची जमीन, गटार, नाली, इत्यादी मध्ये साचलेले पाणी किंवा संथ वाहणाऱ्या पाण्यात मादी अंडी देते.  एकूण चार टप्यात अंडी पासून डास तयार होतो.  यासाठी एक ते दोन आठवडे अवधी लागतो.  तेंव्हा पाणी साचणार नाही याकडे सर्वांचे लक्ष हवे.  तसेच फिनैल सारखे डास नाशक द्रव्य साचलेल्या पाण्यात टाकावे.  ही मोहीम केंद् सरकारने राज्याच्या सहकार्याने संपूर्ण देशात सतत राबविली पाहिजे.  यामुळे डासांच्या उत्पादनावर विपरीत परिणाम होईल आणि डासांची संख्या आटोक्यात राहील.  लग्नानंतर चार वर्ष स्थिरावली की आधुनिक शिकलेली बायको बाळंतपणाचा विचार करते.  एकदा लग्न झाले की कोणताही उपाय योजला तरी ती आई बनते, ‘हम दो हमारा एक’ हे तत्व लक्षात ठेवते.  कोणत्याही औषधाचा परिणाम तिच्यावर होत नाही.    

देवाची मादीवर विशेष कृपा आहे.  मादीं डासांना एक खास शारीरिक अवयव (सोंड) फक्त चावण्यासाठी दिलेला आहे, तो नरांना नसतो.  तुमचे नशीब बलवत्तर की निसर्ग नियमांनुसार डास प्रजातीतील फक्त मादीच तुम्हाला चावते, दोघांनीही चावा घेतला असता तर!  बरे, चावायचे असेल तर चाव बाई, परंतु भुणभुण न करता चाव ना आणि जा.  तिच्यात आणि सौ. मध्ये साम्य असल्यामुळे दोघीही सतत भुणभुण करतात, सळो की पळो करतात.  बायकोला टोचून बोलण्याची कला जन्मजात अवगत असते, नवऱ्याला नाही.  डास मादी तुलनात्मक बरी.  ती चावते आणि जाते व पुन्हा भूक लागली की जवळ येते, पण, सौ. सतत चावते तर चावते परंतु जळू सारखी जन्मभर चिकटलेली असते.  मादी डास एका वेळेस केवळ एक ते दोन थेंब रक्त पिते, रक्तातील घटकांचा (मुख्यत्वे प्रथिनाचा) उपयोग अंडी परिपक्व करण्यासाठी होतो.  या विरुद्ध पत्नी अधाश्यासारखी सतत नवऱ्याचे रक्त पीत असते, यामुळे तिचा आणि तिच्या बाळाचा लाभ होतो.  नर आणि मादी दोघेही डास आपल्या कानाजवळ नाहक घोंघावतात.  एका सेकंदात शेकडोदा पंख हलविल्यामुळे घोन्घावण्याचा आवाज होतो.  मादी त्यातही नरापेक्षा जास्त मोठा आवाज करून आपल्याला हैराण करते.  स्त्रिया ज्यास्तच वाचाळ असतात आणि पुरुषांपेक्षा जास्त जोरदार बोलतात हे वरील सिद्धांतावरून सिद्ध होते.       

 

मादी डासांवरचा राग माणसाला अनावर झाला तर तिचा चक्क खून करता येतो, घटनेच्या वेगवेगळ्या कलमानुसार जन्मठेप किंवा फाशीची शिक्षा होत नाही.  रक्तपिपासू सौ. च्या बाबतीतला विचार मनातच घोंघावत असतो.  बिचारा नर डास पान आणि फुलातील अर्कावर आपली भूक भागवतो, पुरुषा सारखाच संपूर्ण समाजाचा गंभीरपणे विचार करून तो कोणालाही चावण्याच्या भानगडीत जीवनात पडत नाही आणि जे मिळेल ते शिळ पाळ खातो.

मादी डासांचे मानसिक शास्त्र समजून घ्या.  मादी डासांना कोणताही त्रास देवू नका, त्यांना पिटाळू नका, त्यांना मारू नका.  एकदा तिला कळले की या घरातील मंडळींपासून तिळमात्र त्रास नाही तर त्या चवताळत नाहीत, त्या सामोपचाराने राहतात.  मादी डास हुशार असते.  भूक लागली तरच ती  चावते, अन्यथा तुम्हाला चावण्यात तिला रस नसतो.  दुसरे असे की, एकदा मादी डासांनी मुक्काम तुमच्या घरात केला तर सहजा सहजी त्या दुसऱ्याच्या घरात प्रवेश करीत नाहीत आणि दुसऱ्या घराच्या माद्यांना तुमच्या घरात प्रवेश देत नाहीत.  हेच मानसिक शास्त्र महिला मंडळला लागू होते.  नवरा शांत स्वभावाचा असला आणि पत्नीच्या कारभारात लक्ष न देणारा असला की संसार सुखाचा होतो, भांडणाचे प्रसंग कमी येतात.  तसेच, कोणतीही स्त्री दुसऱ्या स्त्रीला स्वतःच्या घरात प्रवेश करू देत नाही हे निर्विवाद सत्य आहे.  असे झाल्यास स्त्रियांमध्ये युद्ध होते.  तसेच तिच्या इच्छा पूर्ण केल्यास तुमचे त्रासाचे प्रमाण कमी होते.  ती वेळी प्रसंगी तुमचा पान उतारा करीत असते ते वेगळे.  तेंव्हा स्वतः कोणालाही त्रास देवू नका, डासाला आणि पत्नीला.  रात्री कानाजवळ नर आणि मादी डास हे दोघे ही गुणगुणतात.  रात्री नवरा किंवा बायको किंवा दोघेही जोरात घोरतात ते तुम्हाला जन्मभर चालते आणि डासांनी कानाजवळ घोंघावले तर त्रास होतो, ही संकल्पना चुकीची आहे.

डास हा वास, नजर आणि भक्षाची शारीरिक उष्णता या तिन्हींही गुणांचा यथायोग्य उपयोग करून आपले भक्ष शोधतो.  मानवाच्या उच्छवासामुळे निर्माण होणाऱ्या कार्बन-डाय-ओक्सिड या वायूच्या वासामुळे डास आपल्याला शंभर फुटावरून शोधू शकतो.  सुगंधित अत्तरामुळे डास मानवाकडे आकर्षित होतो.  घाम, आद्रता आणि शरीरातील ठराविक आम्ल यामुळे डास मानवाला शोधतो.  डास तीस फुट अंतरा नंतरचे पाहू शकत नाही, दहा ते तीस फुट या मधील असलेले सावज शोधतांना त्यांच्या नजरेला त्रास होतो.  परंतु, १० फुटाच्या आतील भक्ष अचूक शोधून नंतर हल्ला करतो.  महिलांचे असेच असते.  तिचे पंचेंद्रिय तीक्ष्ण असतात.  माणसाला सहावे इंद्रिय नसते ते तिला असते. सर्व इंद्रियांचा ती यथायोग्य उपयोग करते. यामुळे सर्व बायका अत्यंत चाणाक्ष असतात.  नवऱ्याच्या प्रत्येक हालचालीवर बारीक नजर ठेवतात आणि योग्य वेळीच हल्ला करतात, पतीला रक्त बंबाळ करतात आणि स्वतःचा उल्लू साध्य करतात.   

डासांना काळ्या रंगाचे आकर्षण असते.  अंधार तसेच काळेगर्द कपड्यामुळे डास तीस फुटाच्या आतील व्यक्तीला त्रास देतो.  गोरी देखणी मुलगी काळ्या सावळ्या मुलाशी विवाह करण्या मागील कारण तुम्हाला कळले असावे.  डासांना देवाने एक नैसर्गिक देणगी दिली आहे.  त्यांच्या शरीरात औष्णिक संवेदी चेतातन्तु असल्यामुळे डासांना मानवाच्या त्वचेत रक्त वाहिनी कोठे आहे हे कळते, तेथेच डास बसतो आणि आपली सोंड त्वचेतून रक्त वाहिनीत घुसवतो, नंतर रक्ताचे शोषण करतो.  पत्नीसुद्धा पतीचे रक्त कधी प्यायचे, पतीचे कमकुवत आणि दुबळे गुण कोणते आहे, कधी संधी साधायची या गोष्टी तिला जन्मजात कळतात.  आद्रतेनुसार औष्णिक संवेदी चेतातन्तुचा विकास डासांमध्ये कमी जास्त होत असतो.  मादी डास चावल्यामुळे आपल्याला दुखत नाही, किंबहुना ती चावते आहे हे ही कळत नाही.  परंतु, ज्यावेळेस मादी चावते त्या वेळेस तिच्या तोंडातल्या लाळेमुळे खाज सुटणे, भाग लाल होणे, भाग सुजणे इत्यादी त्रास आपल्याला लगेच समजतो.  शहाणी मादी पोट भरल्या बरोबर लगेच उडते.  लाखात एखादी आळशी मादी रक्त जास्त प्याली आणि आता उडू असा विचार करत बसली आणि पेंगली तरच व्यक्ती सतर्क होतो आणि पुढील कार्यवाही करतो.  बायको सुद्धा जन्मजात खूपच हुशार असल्यामुळे ती योग्य वेळी योग्य काळी नवऱ्याला डंख मारते रक्त बंबाळ करते आणि  उद्दिष्ट (जसे साडी लाटणे, सोन्याचे दागिने करणे इत्यादी बाबतची मौखिक परवानगी) साध्य झाल्या बरोबर लगेच पलायन करते.  एखाद्याची पत्नी बिचारी बावळट सारखी राहते.

डासांच्या अंदाजे ३००० प्रजाती आहेत.  बहुतांश प्रजाती सुर्यादय आणि सूर्यास्ताच्या वेळेस फारच जास्त सक्रीय असतात.  कांही प्रजाती २४ तास आक्रमक असतात.  डासांना नाहक चावाण्यापासून परावृत्त करण्यासाठी किंवा ठार मारण्यासाठी वेगवेगळी शक्कल लढवली जाते.  शरीराला वेगवेगळी क्रीम लावतात, त्यामुळे त्वचारोग आणि कर्करोग होण्याची शक्यता असते, सतत घाणेरडा वास येतो ते वेगळे.  कांही स्वतःला सायना नेहवाल किंवा गोपीचंद समजतात, रेकेट ला सतत गदेसारखी फिरवीत असतात.  कांही चौवीस तास गुडनाईट किंवा तस्यम द्रव्याचा विजेच्या साधनांनी वायूत रुपांतर करतात यामुळे श्वासाचे रोग होतात.  कांही इलेक्ट्रोनिक उपकरण वापरून किरणांमुळे डासांचा नाश करतात, यामुळे कर्क रोग होतो.  कांही मंडळी वेजेचा पंखा वेगाने फिरवितात, विजेचे बिल नाहक वाढते.  यामुळे डास थोड्यावेळ कमी दिसतात नंतर त्यांची संख्या पूर्ववत होते.  सर्व उपाय तातपुरते आहेत.  बायकोचा स्त्री हट्ट पुढे ढकलण्यासाठी नवरा वेगवेगळी उपाय योजतो.  परंतु बायको बधत नाही.  इच्छा पूर्ण होई पर्यंत ती २४ तास मागे लागते.  भाजीत मीठ नसल्यास बायको चक्क टोचून बोलते की “सोनुबाईने अन्न शिजविले आहे, तिच्या हातात सोन्याच्या पाटल्या नाहीत” किंवा “गरिबांनी गरीबा सारखे जेवावे, श्रीमंतासारखे नखरे करू नयेत.  सोन्याच्या पाटल्या विकत घेण्याची ऐपत नाही.”

डासांचा नायनाट करण्यासाठी काही मंडळी तरबेज असतात.  डास दिसला की मार हे त्यांचे तत्व असते.  डास मारल्या शिवाय त्यांना चैन पडत नाही.  प्रत्येक टाळीत हमखास डास मारणारे तरबेज आहेत.  यासाठी अनोळखी माणसाच्या अंगावरचा डास मारायला ते मागे पुढे बघत नाहीत.  आपण दचकतो हे वेगळे.  छताला उलटे लटकलेले डास वही फेकून मारण्यात पटाईत असलेली महिला लेखकाने अनुभवली आहे, प्रत्येक फेकीत डास हमखास मरतोच.  काहींना रात्री उठून डास मारण्यात आनंद मिळतो.  दुसऱ्यांच्या झोपेचे खोबरे झाले तरी ही मंडळी आपले कार्य करीत असतात.  या उद्धोगात सौ. ने पुढाकार घेण्यासाठी तिला प्रोत्साहित करावे.  यामुळे ती डास मारण्याच्या कामात व्यस्त राहील, आपण आराम करावा.

नवीन घर बांधतांना मालक दरवाजे आणि खिडकीला बारीक जाळी लावतात.  जुन्या घरांना मच्छरदानी सारखी कापडी जाळी लावतात.  या दोन्हीमुळे घरात डासांची संख्या रोडावते.  आपला देश उष्ण कटिबंध प्रदेशात मोडत असल्यामुळे या दोन्ही प्रकारात खेळती हवा बाधित होते.  घरात कार्बन-डाय-ओक्सिड या वायूचे प्रमाण वाढते, तेंव्हा मोकळया हवेचा बंदोबस्त करावा.

मुरारी बापूचे रामायणावर प्रवचन चालू असतांना पत्नीने सहज नवऱ्याला विचारले “रामाला चौदा वर्षे वनवास घडला तेंव्हा त्यांना डास चावले नाहीत काय? ते तर अंगवस्त्र कमीत कमी घालायचे.”  पती काय उत्तर देणार.  बरे झाले तिला दिगंबर मुनीच्या प्रवचनाला नेले नव्हते.  कलियुगातील महिलांना अंग प्रदर्शनात विशेष रुची असते त्यांना जास्त संखेने डास चावतात काय, या बद्धलचे संशोधन व्हायला हवे. 

गर्भवती महिलेला इतरांच्या तुलनेत डास जास्त चावतात, प्रौढांना बालकांच्या तुलनेत जास्त डास चावतात, माणसांना महिलांच्या तुलनेत जास्त डास चावतात किंवा उलट इत्यादी विषयांवर संशोधन सुरु आहे.  सकाळ-संध्याकाळ शरीर स्वच्छ ठेवल्यास, पुरेसा प्रकाश असल्यास, खेळती हवा असल्यास, घर स्वच्छ ठेवल्यास, पांढरे स्वच्छ कपडे अंगभर घातल्यास, घरात धूप लावल्यास डास कमी चावतात हे नक्की.  संक्रांतीला बायकोला चक्क काळ्या रंगाचे खूप सारे कपडे खरेदी करून द्यावे.  कधी नव्हे ते पतीने कपडे खरेदी करून दिलेत म्हणून बायको खुश, आणि बायकोला डासांनी जास्तीत जास्त चावावे यासाठी नवरा खुश.  काळे कपडे तुला शोभून दिसतात असे खोटे बोला.  डास चावल्याने कांही रोगांचा प्राधुर्भाव होतो.  मलेरिया, यलो फिवर, हत्ती रोग, डेंगू, इंसीफ्यालायटीस, चिकन गुनिया, झिका या सारखे जीवघेणे रोग मनुष्याला होवू शकतात.  डास चावल्यामुळे लाळेतील कित्येक प्रकारचे जीवाणू आणि विषाणू आपल्या शरीरात जातात.  तेंव्हा डासांपासून जपून रहा.  एड्स सारखी प्राण घातक बिमारी डासांमुळे होत नाही.

डास आणि बायको यांचे पासून कमीत कमी त्रास व्हावा असे वाटत असल्यास दररोज पाहते उठा, सुर्योदया पूर्वी व्यायाम करायला जा, यामुळे सूर्योदयाच्या वेळेस तुम्हाला दोघांचाही त्रास होणार नाही.  त्यानंतर ऑफिसला लवकर जा आणि तीन्हीसंजेनंतर घरी या, यामुळे बॉस खुश, तसेच बायको आणि डासाच्या तावडीतून तीन्हीसंजेला सुटका.  पत्नीला राजेशाही खोली द्या, सर्व सुखसोई द्या.  या शिवाय, बायकोला पूर्ण पगार द्या, तिला घरचा मुख्य बनवा, तिच्या प्रत्येक निर्णयाचे स्वागत करा, स्वतःला काहीही येत नाही असे भासवा, मूर्ख आणि गाढव असल्याचे नाटक करा, राष्ट्रपती सारखे काम न करता रहा आणि संसारातून मुक्त व्हा.  स्वतः दुसऱ्या खोलीत मच्छरदाणीच्या आत निवांत झोपा या सारखे स्वर्गीय सुख नाही.

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WOMEN’S CHOICE: THE SAREE

Mohan Kothekar

Writer and Blogger

In the modern epoch, where fashion transmute every moment, as fashion is an integral part of the life, uttering a single word against ‘SAREE’ is considered as a punishable misdeed against liberty and sovereignty of Indian ladies; women’s lib will agitate and make your life miserable – mind well your adversary and permanent opponent, the spouse, will lead the agitation.  One of the most offbeat attire of a modern woman is undoubtedly the sari.  In the Indian subcontinent the saree - NATIONAL ATTIRE - is a delicate, discreet, fragile, subtle, special and tender issue for ladies, notwithstanding, the whole Indian bastion especially the husbands are awful and deadly contravene to it.  Screen any Indian crowded street; it is the open challenge that no one will notice any two ladies draping saree having same print, design, colour, texture and what not.  With the passing days, the ultra modern educated eve has radical divergent views and ever in search of matchless ardent saree; how the manufacturer is coping up with the exaction is a guarded secret.  Like-minded feminine friends while gossiping transpire the top secret – the whole lot planned the excursion, in colloquial language - shopping, with the better half as cashier and or a baby sitter. 

           

In a predicament husband gets dragged for her beloved feminine garment purchasing ceremony that last at least for three hours later on with a belly full of the repast – additional financial losses.  Salutations to saree shop proprietors and their dedicated team for their lifelong patience, tolerance and sedulousness, what a yeoman service they are rendering to the ‘so called’ oppressed and overwhelmed section of the society.  The team selection and training must be acrid, gruff and rigorous at par with world class commando curriculum.  The band of brothers not only controls the assemblage, but their sugary perspicuous matchless parlance, along with the maneuver and artifice compels the already blase and fed up groom to buy sometime useless stuff under the cherubic name ‘designer saree.’ He waits outside the shop alone or along with kid and cursed each existing and non-existing individual, particularly shopkeeper and spouse, for countless time.  The whole team of salesman must be honoured with Victoria Cross, Bharat Ratna, Ashok Chakra or any other award of equal stature.

Saree is an unstitched garment having a great history, it is sensuous and glamorous factory output that all-time-wear for women.  It accentuates the curves of a woman and the mid-riff is usually exposed.  The origin of the saree is analogue to eternal latent and clandestine activities of the better half; the nationally approved as the India’s hereditary costume that has inbuilt liking for the youngest girl to a very old senile woman with the same degree of allurement and amity.  The integrity passion and adoration for approximately 5.30 meters in length and 1.25 meters in width modern princely cherished attire has similar fancy for women of the subcontinent of all social economical religious regional groups.  Saree is the eighth wonder of the earth; fondly the owner exchange, share and reciprocate with another lady, has delectation and exhilaration and gratification to hand over it to the nearest and the dearest for its primal use; no such genes are present in mustachio class.  Modernity has not amended the craze of the eves for beautiful and extraordinary and matchless feminine garment, even though the stock of easy to wear and suitable to work modern chequered garments of varied shapes and sizes are readily available in the market.  The magical saree has limited scope to alter, but innumerable future because of ceaseless experimentation used to recreate its comeliness for new beauty conscious modern age eves especially during the conference, interview, social gathering, festival, special occasion, engagement and wedding season.

Some cities are famous for a particular design, texture, colour, style, fabric, art of weaving and printing of traditional sarees from ancient time; employment generated manufacturing hubs have age old artisan of great repute from generations together, each weave of the garment has a specific name, depending upon their city origin and texture such as Banarasi, Paithani, Kanchipuram, patola, chikan, chanderi, etc; passing a saree through finger ring was considered as fine woven saree of any make.  It is veritably tough to pick up the single saree out of umpteen accessible selections during a particular occasion; on the contrary, some established norms bolster the choice.  Plethora of pattern and style of graceful sarees from these textile industries – hand loom, power loom - satiate the ever growing demand of the ladies of all ages.  There are more than 80 standard styles of draping; NIVI style is a common one that gives elegance and formal look - style alters as and when the languages with different dialect changes.  Simple sarees are generally cotton fabric and inexpensive, the costly sarees are of different style, texture and colour, ornamental, silky with gold or silver threaded embroidery; cost ranges between Rs hundred for simple to millions for expensive saree.  The modern saree is made up of artificial fabric such as polyester, nylon or rayon; different kind of material is used to form differing kinds of sarees.  Office wear sarees are generally light in weight.  Foreign ladies do have affection and fondness for the national attire.

    

                                       

There are some established signs and norms in the present context.  If an adolescent happened to be in wrapped saree with fancy blouse for the first time in her life, especially during a social gathering or school / college function or household ceremony, it is the indication that she is prone for merry making; probably due to increase level of estrogen hormone.  The interested party always cashes the opportunity in the first instance; it leads to deep friendship that sometime culminates into the marriage ceremony.  So the commencement of lovebird relationship lies in traditional clothing of teenagers, one may call it love at first sight.  Fashionable saree clad girl being on and often in the limelight during the marriage ceremony of her near and dear, is the clear cut indication of her temptation for the same in the coming season; one may propose her officially or through common friend as the chances of success are very high; parents cashes the opportunity is another story even though the girl has average credentials with normal look and of different size and shape – blessing in disguise.

Evening party in modern Indian metro culture is another occasion where she sizzles with party wear saree with elegance and stunning autocratic look.  Transparent or semitransparent Georgette or Chiffon saree with sleeveless or backless blouse are the first choice of fair look tall and slim beauty conscious ladies, where they reveal their stunning body curves in elegant style in a party wear saree is nothing but combination of art and science, other accessories enhance the pretty look.  The colour of a saree is equally important as that of texture and print for evening and late night party, light colour of minimal of 1500 shades ranging from white to rainbow with or without embroidery is the choice of the present day modern flock; fragile and ethereal golden or diamond ring and chain with pendant is the additional attribution.  The office-goers jean and skirt clad corporate girl grab the first opportunity to join birthday or sangeet or mahendi party in saree in trendy look; the essence of Indian culture and tradition; the sense of womanhood bubbled in the attire.  Pre-stitched saree is another trend that is easy to wear like a readymade western dress.  Pre-stitched saree was eventually manufactured for tiny lassies as they have similar liking as that of adults.

                       

       

For poor lady the saree is everything, two to the most three sarees suffice them for routine use.  The modern crazy lady ever remained the proud owner of at least a hundred sarees; her first love is to purchase the handful of them every month and exhibit it to the neighbor with lucid commentary; every now and then nagged the spouse that she has no collection as that of others; the financially self sufficient tribe is proportionately more daft and lunatic than the housewife.  A lady having three wardrobes full of sarees is a universal thing in an ultra modern community; a status symbol for many; repetition of same saree on different occasion is considered as a shame rather than fame.  The delightful saree is not a single entity; it is always associated with matching petticoat and a blouse; matchless fad has reached and deeply rooted in the nook and corner of the Indian subcontinent; make over and costly ornaments is a must.

The usage of saree – the symbol of Indian femininity - is ample.  The pre-eminent and appropriate attire for the mother during baby feeding is the saree.  Once upon a time the pallu was used as a towel to clean hands and mouth after every meal by children also to clean the snot and the tears after each snivel; in Hindi and local language movies it is used as a bandage to wrap the bleeding wound, as a rope to elope with the hero, as a head cover for a child to protect from all seasons, abashment for the heroine and suicidal rope for the disgruntle spirit.  In traditional Indian homes an unused saree was meant for quilt making; the cosiness and endearment was much more than a readymade blanket or quilt.  Most of the women from a liberal category depart with their treasure in a saddened disposition by handing over used garment to the maid with a god promise that a maid will come daily and will do the rituals with zeal and zest; the promise never been get fulfilled.  During the early days of independence from British raj, the used sarees were freely exchanged with steel utensils; now, the business has been shattered.  The writer has no knowledge about the precious and valuable coffer after her demise is a mystery.

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The Mobile phone

Mohan Kothekar

Writer and Blogger

     The mother earth is too munificent to have the mobile phone as god gift of the twenty first century.  Beyond one’s imagination, new innovative technology in the phone industry revolutionized the whole social, economic and political fabric; gaze anywhere, you will notice individuals are chatting, gibbering, yelping, scolding, wriggling, waging, blubbering and playing on mobile.  Phone was once a status symbol; now-a-days persons having below poverty line credential also posses the mobile phone.  In the sixties and seventies the telephones were the exiguous commodity, and once in a blue moon the opulence of the society reluctantly couch obituary message.  Now, top up the mobile phone with pre-paid or post-paid card and chitchat, play game, do WhatsApp or see the movie, send the messages etc till balance become zero.  Statistics of 2016 says the approximate number of mobiles throughout the globe is 700 crores of which 115 crores are in India, while, smart phones are 210 crores globally and 30 crores in India.  The mobile phone is a common entity in the country and 27% has a smart phone – a junk of Indian have more than mono mobile/smartphone/iPhone/cellphone.  As per citi/imperial College Digital Money Index, India ranks 63 out of 90 nations and 57^th for facilitating digital transaction – thickly 4% of total money transactions of the country.  In the next decade five billion worldwide populations will have their own smart phone and will constantly in touch with it.

     Encouraging cashless transaction - as a symbol of patriotism - could be one of the smart phone purchasing reasons of the teenagers and youths; probable intent to beguile the parents to spend their hard earned hefty amount.  Central Government projects such as Make in India, Digital India, StartUp are obliging needy to purchase a cell phone.  Twenty mobile phone brands are assembled in India; Samsung Company retained the top position.  One survey reported that a total of 50% cell phone is agglomerated in India; the country is possible to surpass US in a short period.  During the excursion most of the itinerant is engulfed in mobiles as if there is no world outside their realm, it is the proof of production and accessibility of the latest version.

   

     Household maid, road cleaner, labor, vender, mason, farmer, petty contractor and umpteen numbers from so called destitute categories are the conceited owner of the latest brand and are so inuremented to it that they cannot survive without the device.  Subscribers are glued to the phone, one ear perpetually preoccupied with modern extension – Bluetooth device - or their eyes fastened to their iPhone.  The device bolsters them in search of livelihood and business on a daily basis.  The cost of device ranges from Rs one thousand to almost a lakh.  The ear phone reminds whether the individual is deaf and dumb, how one can listen music for hours together, with whom conversing or trolling - the passerby or person from the other end difficult to judge, why glared at smartphone, why the person is laughing at sundry jokes or witty poems or the latest uploaded humorous or jocular videos; a series of queer query knock the mind of the onlooker.  Perspicuous advertisement accelerates the sale and expediency of the mobile phone; varied e-market amenity transforms fostered a dream into reality.

   

     Innumerable companies – example Apple, Nokia, Oppo, Motorola and Samsung - manufacture mobile and smartphone; mobile phones are almost outdated, each smartphone brand has countless models and customers are insane for a newfangled model of different size, shape and utility.  Alone, Samsung multinational manufacture more than 450 different models.  The model behoove absolute and fusty within year – short live span, a new policy vogue of global manufacturer that has to be rooted out by the populace – pulsation and legal - and coerce them to support after sales services for a decade or two.  Manufacturing blemish seldom ensued in physical injuries during conversation due to unforeseen explosion; not a single businessman till date has been prosecuted and sends behind the bar with heavy financial penalty – the question of industrial abrogation doesn’t arise.  South Korea conglomerate ‘Samsung’ Note 7 smartphone was a defective one due to design flaws and notice a series of fires and explosions, recalled 2 million devices during September 16 costing $6.2 billion.

                

     Initially, the mobile phones were meant for communication mode, at present one can survive devoid of food and water but not without a cellphone.  Umpteen numbers of adolescents have an infatuation for smart phones; that has shattered the basic fabric of the society.  The children feel crummy if preclude from mobile phone and become fanatical to contact near and dear innumerable times a day; the anomaly has converged at sociologist and often clinical, constantly departed from sports and studies – parents are helpless.  Timid lads all the time plays like a toy with the parent’s smartphone and sends drossy messages to their pal.  Globally, the infants are the copycat of elders, smart phones has made them crazy for video games, music and animated films and stayed aloof from the play group - physical and mental and recreational exercises - is the biggest concern of the psychologist and psychiatrist; problem persists at a higher rate in single or two child policy houses.  At random read any e-message or email or listen any conversation or gossip, astonished to experience neither US nor Queens English, but altogether new phonetics and short cut writing that has yonder the imagination of the gentleman’s brain.  Famed schools have forbidden the smart phone; the neo-breed of journalist has contravened it tooth and nail under the perspicuous name of freedom of expression.

     Minimal phone conversation stretched for half an hour - unless disrupted - between any two gentle ladies; veracious that bill payment is the ardent obligation of a spouse, the content ranges from trifle unsavory recipe to frothy worthless useless and lengthy chat with lambent or opprobrium or derision.  If she is blessed with married daughter, then everything centered on poking her nose in daily rituals after every hour or two that is uninvited and tedious for groom family; if lassie gets peeved may culminate into conflict, brawl and separation.  And, if the daughter resides overseas, then video conference with the girl and the infant, rare with the son-in-law, at a fixed time for minimal of an hour in a day is a must for nonsensical baby talk, uncalled advice, useless murmur and grouse; just reverse, lengthy discussion with the lad and the infant and reprehend and berate to daughter-in-law.  On an average the banal lady speaks 10,000 words a day and if the wife is extra talkative then the husband has to shell out additional bucks barely for her gossiping.  Some Muslim ladies are not fortunate as fatwa’s of religious head don’t allow them to use phones publicly that they are retorting publicly; they quench their thirst privately at secluded space is the different story.

     It is inessential to ventilate about expediency of mobile and cellphone if young couples are in elephantine love; the virile financial acumen of different brands influenced by these tribes.  Assuredly the magnificent enhancement in love marriages in traditional belt, the entire credit goes to delicate electronic gadget.  They whisper hours together without anybodies knowledge, expressly parents and so called closest enemies.  Secrete nuptial knot aka small marriage ceremony or eloped plans are discussed in detail and faultlessly and exquisitely executed using electronic device; also secrete whisper during her solitary confinement.  The graph of inter-caste, inter-religion, inter-region, international marriages is positioned towards skyscraper due to extensive use of cellphone in a day to day life of marriageable youth – mediators support the couple by hook or crook method.

     Young ones are emboldened bashful adults to get them acquainted with smartphone so as to frame them self-reliant in cashless transaction and also other routine activities related to phones - cyber crimes and e-theft of their hard earned money make them reluctant to cooperate.  TV news regarding comprehend of scoundrels in crimes such as theft, rape and robbery, murder awake senior citizen, the smartphone act as a tracking and surveillance device for cops and a quick communicator of the senile group with near and dear.

     Persistent accompaniment of cell phone and its active use has a negative impact on the health of a person.  Electro-pollution and radiation risk leads to cancer, especially brain tumor and breast cancer, electromagnetic field accelerate mercury release from a tooth, chances of higher bacterial load, neurological problems in baby and pregnant lady, disruption of sleep, headache, confusion, decline in sperm count and erectile dysfunction, addiction to mobile, depression, suicidal temptation, affect glucose metabolism of the brain are some of the health hazards due to mobile phone.  Whether selfie is a neurological condition or ardent habit, in depth research is required to decide the future course of action.  So mobile is a friend as well as foe, it is purchaser to decide and act accordingly.

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Traffic Jam

Mohan Kothekar

Writer and Blogger

          At the geometric rate the world human population has upsurge and so the traffic especially vehicular traffic.  “Traffic is only one of the side effects of growth” Roy Barnes, American politician quoted way back.  The length and width of the road is almost invariable in densely populated metropolitan cities and, so, no scope of further infra-structural development.  How to cope up with the snail-paced traffic are the biggest headache and the onus on the part of the thronged city of the nations.  The number of vehicles is awfully increased and each passing day hundreds and thousands of the vehicles are appending the already existed commotion.  Well planned cities are also facing traffic choked streets analogue to unplanned without presupposition; the difference barely is in gravity.  Traffic congestion is a worldwide phenomenon.

    

         Automation and robotic have transformed the vehicle industries into 24 X 7 manufacturing hub of unlimited capacity that is catering to the ever increasing demand of the customers.  From small (Nano, Tata) to too big (Limousine, Lamborghine Aventador), thousands of car models are effortlessly acquirable in the market as per the requirement of the customer.  In the modern society motor car is a status symbol, one’s standing and reputation concerned with the society.  Banks and pecuniary institutions are avid to avail loan facility with the paltry interest, albeit luxury has emerged as a necessity, even if the traffic snarl-up at the parking lot, thus park his vehicle on the narrow road to make it narrower.  “A traffic jam is a collision between free enterprise and socialism.  Free enterprise produces automobiles faster than socialism can build roads and road capacity” Andrew J Galambos quoted.  Time and fuel consumption are the subsidiary exigencies.

           Globally, every year almost 46 million car and commercial vehicles are produced by an annual growth rate of three per cent and added in the already jam packed traffic, a marginal percent of vehicles become outdated and scrapped.  India alone produces approximately 19 million two and three wheeler vehicles every year.  About 1.24 million people are killed in a road accident globally, figures for injured reaches to 50 million annually.  Mainly males (73%) of 15 to 44 years of age are prone to road accidents.  Only 28 countries have their own road safety laws.  Major accidents are due to drinking and driving, speeding, no seat belt, child restraint and without helmet of two wheeler driving.  The world consumes 85 million barrels of oil per day; it shows the devastating greenhouse gas emission rate – especially carbon dioxide.  Of the 160 cities studied in 2013 for most traffic congestion at peak hour, Moscow stood first, followed by Istanbul; the least congested was Kansas City.  In India, Delhi is the most congested city, the next one is Bangalore.

  

         Underdeveloped and developing nations have their own grave adversaries; in underdeveloped country the travel is a tribulation with bump and bang as roads are non-existent and, in developing nation’s roads are full of potholes and pitfalls, needless to say, the vehicular traffic is beyond the human control.  Here, enactments are on paper and thus hold-up is a normal feature, with or without electronic traffic signals and police control.  William Clark already quoted that “it is going to be a traffic nightmare” and Larry King, “I am the worst person to be stuck with in a traffic jam;” thus, you become part and parcel of the traffic where time and money has no relevance.  Surprisingly, in these countries the per capita income has increased many folds, but direct and indirect tax collection has nosedived that evince the disposition of the masses; cynicism, profligacy and corruption are observed rampant.  Traffic jam resulted in to time waste, delay to reach destination, enhanced fuel consumption, increase air pollution, ageing of vehicle, health hazard of commuter driver and surrounding living individuals and collisions.

                  

         Long serpentine queue with halt and snarl, brawl and argument, rebuke and lashes, battle and conflict along with a dash and dent is a daily affair.  Natural vagaries like fog, smog, rain, snowfall, dust cloud, landslide and man-made exigency such as agitation, strike, massive accident, office hours, rush hours, procession, road blocks and festival added fuel in the already spoiled broth.  Contra-flow, bottleneck, gridlock, congestion, maintenance work resulted in the traffic halt or very slow vehicular movement.  Heroic acrobats, rule breaking mentality, road rage, temper tantrum, trailers, large size vehicles and innumerable number of two and three wheeler create havoc for the rule abiding public.  The zebra crossing concept has not been inculcated and ingrained in the mind of pedestrian of the civilized society; additional tension to the disgusted, crummy and fidget driver and traveler.  Disfigured mendicants and hawkers do their skirmish and sundry business in already crushed and congested traffic.  At many places from evening onward are supposed to be the shopping, pastime and dining hours, the whole road gets chocked illegally by the venders.

         Whether the road is one lane or sixteen lanes the narration is same only the degree differs, on the other hand, someone’s dull-witted quotation is “There are no traffic jams along the extra mile.”  Some manages to reach homes only past midnight.  It is estimated that due to constant congestion about one third life of a person is washed away in traffic and it lead to psychological and health hazards to commuters and motorist.  The living population (human-plants-animals) and non-living (soil-building-roads-environment) within the half or one kilometer distance from the traffic jam and congested roads are also getting affected.  A series of hazards have been identified by the researchers.  The traffic fumes contain carbon particles, Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, volatile organic compound, green house gases etc that affect brain cells resulted into stress and more prone to depression, emotional, fatigue, irritation and anxiety; particle and ozone affect intelligence and memory losses and heighten the risk of Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases.  Crowding intensity raises blood pressure, musculo-skeletal disorders, lower frustration tolerance, increase hostility and anger, grumpy and worn out with little physical and emotional energy.  “Air pollution might be a risk factor for autism,” Dr Volk says, the infant health is at risk.  Attach the ear phone to cell phone and listen the music, Dhaka born commuter suggested to avoid mental stress; surf the internet, read the books, do meditation, do mobile office and household work or simply chat with fellow commuters are few more admonitions.  Sitting idle in traffic congestion is a crime against society; such individuals have less satisfaction and social support and also have negative problem solving attitude, the ultimate outcome is unnecessary shouting on spouse and children.  The worst sufferers are traffic police.  Persistent gridlock causes adverse health effect like high blood pressure that aggravates incidence of heart attack; prolong air pollution results in to chronic lung diseases like breathlessness and asthma, alterations in DNA and many more.  Thus air pollution affects health of living individuals continuously exposed to traffic snarl.

         Barbara Driver, a former mayor and Tory Councilor once said “when rape is inevitable, lie back and enjoy it”.  One cannot sit idle the way Barbara said when global phenomenon is becoming graver problem day in and day out.  Traffic jam could be avoided using scientific town planning methodology.  Widen the existing roads, construction of new roads lane and by-lane, better road maintenance, construction of bridges-tunnels, strengthening of public transport system, enhancement of metro and local train network, replacement of old vehicles – especially diesel models - with new, replacement of petroleum by less pollutant emitter like ethanol or alcohol base products, population control, rationing on petroleum products, ride sharing, encourage cycling, restriction on private vehicle riding, peak hour avoidance, separate cycle-bus-pedestrian lane, automatic traffic signal, construction of subway, express lane, e-toll plaza, avoid congestion of business-office-school establishment at compact place,  separate odd-even number vehicle riding days, mass education regarding traffic rules and regulations, greenery near roads, parking arrangement, scientific policing, health checkup, quick response during accidents, research on traffic management, vehicle rationing, restriction on pet and domestic animal free movements, removal of private encroachment, strict driving license rules and regulations, road space rationing, restricted driving hours, different office and school timing, traffic control using satellite technology and many more probably reduce the intensity of traffic jam.  The long term and permanent remedy over traffic jam is population control at global level.

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Pakistan: The Democratic Emergence

Mohan Kothekar

Writer and Blogger

Pakistan, the carved out babe from British India, the nation emerging with leaps and bumps, is gradients toward democratic mellow. The country had so far confronted with four dictatorships and was anticipating additionally from General Raheel Sharif to counter infamous Panama paper leak. Leisured but consistently the democracy has strengthened in the mind and heart of the general public. A country down memory lane mulish alike North Korea appears to have embraced people’s verdict that emerged from the heated live debate over TV channels. The latest electronic contrivances have transfigured the globe into small wick; the iron curtains are evanescing.  Prof Kelly Meier deservedly articulated that political infrastructure, people’s participation, protection of rights, legal process is the basic requirement of society for democracy; federalism, education, judicial-election-vigilance-ombudsman’s independence and executive powers strengthen it.  Thus executive, legislature, judiciary and media are the four pillars and are equally important for any democratic system.

Former Pakistan Chief Justice I. M. Chaudhry, who was suspended on March 9 2007, has been evoked by Ex-Military Ruler and Ex President, and, the government decided to form a high-level judicial commission to probe Panama papers are the milestones of democratic emergence; it happened due to nationwide popular mass protest.  Nevertheless, the people at large tried to instigate General Raheel Sharif to take over the government control after the Panama leak, and also Musharraf’s utterance regarding Raheel’s support during his escape from Pakistan, are the hurdle in reinforcement of democracy.  Smart phone, Whats App, Instagram, Skype, internet, etc are the democratic tools at the hands of the general public to transfer news at the lightening speed.

       Over the globe, barring a few, most of the countries willingly embraced one or other form of democracy.  Madeleine Al-bright, first woman US Secretary of State, once said “what people have the capacity to choose, they have the ability to change.”  Healthy democracy constantly consorted with people’s involvement and their verdict.  “The best argument against democracy is a five-minute conversation with the average voter,” Winston Churchill stated.  In the recent past, the gush of large scale exodus of migrants from uncivilized, autocratic and dogmatic nations to European countries displays not only desirous for civilization, human rights and the rule of the law to flourish, but strong approbation for democratic norms.  History depicts dictatorship ensues into almost non-existence of a nation.  “A totalitarian dictatorship cannot explain; it can only suppress,” author Robert Payne quoted.  Democracy itself has its own shortcomings; in Indian parliamentary democratic system hindrances are more widespread rather than a salutary debate over the issues of transcendent national importance.  So, a hybrid “democracy with self-discipline” is the resonant model.

           The public at large, scholars and analyst of Pakistan are persevering for puissant, dynamic and vibrant public rule through their representatives in the real sense.  As seen from outside, TV luminaries like Najam Sethi, Ejaz Haider, Hassan Nisar, Husain Haqqani, Salmaan Raja, Faisal Naqvi, Shabir Choudhary and few more are soft-spoken and confabulate to the point, rest seems to be hard-liner and hysterical.  Infelicitous outspoken intellectuals like Noble laureate Malala Yousafzai and former diplomat Husain Haqqani are either both censured and reproved as treacherous and traitors or forced to leave the country in view of incessant intimidation.  For effective and efficient implementation of democratic system a ceaseless criticism from the opposition is obligatory.  Justice, equality, freedom of speech and citizen representation from all the sections of society is required for healthy functioning of democracy.  Slowly but consistently the independent judiciary must pronounce verdicts one after another of national importance that substantiate the process of maturation of democracy and that restrains dictator to rule the country like a lunatic king.

        Sharp decadence from 20 percent minority populace, especially Hindus, to three percent in seven decades of Pakistani Islamic rule exhibited history of diverse civilization has been forcefully unilaterally converge to Islam based autocracy.  Religious extremism is amply transcendent, parlance of Islam and Muslim is on and often attribute in Pakistani community that should be permanently occluded for healthy democratic system.  Licit protection of the minority society and their involvement in all walks of life shall be the transcendent duty of elected government to form the strong secular fabric.  Attack on churches and demolition of temples and gurudwaras malign the national image.  Recently, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif has visited the ancient Katas Raj Hindu temple complex in Punjab province to inaugurate a water filtration plant is the explicit sign of initiation of minority friendly government.  Supreme Court constitutional bench of India has in recent past delivered a landmark ruling regarding seeking votes in the name of religion, caste or community amounted to corrupt practices as election is a secular exercise.  Audacious and marked verdicts are anticipated from the highest judiciary of the adjacent nation to reinforce democracy.

        

          Women dynamic involvement and empowerment at every step in electoral politics is indeed imperative and insuperable, an equivocally assignation of gender equality and mature democracy.  Politically active participation of energetic and robust youths is about abreast importance.  New young blood must be enthused in collaboration with ladies participating to supersede the old glued disgruntled corrupt billionaire guards.  Political parties must be obligated to accommodate these tribes in substantial quantity to lead the general public; otherwise, confinement in four walls will be a crime and stubborn attitude against the society.  Politics is not the legacy of few individuals, but the public movement wherein all the sections of the society should be equally accommodated.  Otherwise, as stated by Mother Teresa “the most terrible poverty is loneliness and the feeling of being unloved,” both the sections of society will have ill feelings if not allowed to participate in politics.

           Education is the most powerful weapon for changing the world, Nelson Mandela once said.  It is the constitutional and fundamental right of each and every individual to have a world class quality education, not the madrasa type wherein in the name of chaste Islam the large number of terrorists is produced that maligned the image of the nation.  Fanatic leaders not only are sidelined by banning their religious institutions that teach terrorism under the shadow of holy teachings of Islamic theology and sacred religious laws but also are to be arrested and severely punished.  The world’s worst terrorist attack on temple of education was at Army Public School in the north-western city of Peshawar on December 16, 2014 when terrorist killed 141 people including 132 school children.  The democracy matures as and when educational quality improves.

            As envisage from outside, the military interloper in day to day functioning of the legislature, executive, judiciary and all walks of life is against the basic tenets of democracy.  Assemblage with terrorist groups has endorsed a blot on military activism, needless to speak about the presence of Osama Bin Laden at Abbottabad.  So, one of the important hurdles in emergence of democracy to full bloom is military regime especially the personnel from Pakistan army.  Nowhere in the world has the military had extra constitutional role in the full grown democratic setup.  Military should be confined to barracks and never allowed to poke their nose in routine affairs.  They should only be trained for border security and warfare activities.  Step-wise disassociation of military powers by the civil administration will suffice the cause.

        The neighbouring democratic country, the India, is growing with galloping pace and dreaming to transform her as a superpower in a decade with strong economic fabrics.  Afghanistan singed from the last four decades is a budding democratic nation has determined to strengthen the democracy by hook or crook.  Both the countries have lucid and coherent relationship and assertion of claiming of facing subversive activities from the neighbour.  Strong democratic setup in Pakistan will subdued the claim.  Never to forget that under the British India rule all lived like brothers and sisters.

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